The short allele of the serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism influences relapse in alcohol dependence.

AIMS The short (S) allele of the serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) contributes to the risk of alcohol dependence and co-occurring clinical features. We studied the putative link between this allele and relapse. METHODS 48 alcohol-dependent male patients were recruited and genotyped for the 5-HTTLPR. Relapse to alcohol drinking was monitored during 3 months after standardized withdrawal. RESULTS The S allele was significantly associated with relapse (p = 0.008) while no other factor that was measured played a significant role. CONCLUSIONS The S allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism may influence the risk of relapse in abstinent alcohol-dependent patients, possibly through intermediate phenotypes.